FEDERAL REPORTER,
vol. 67.
these other portions of the instrument, interpreted the words, "spring secured in said groove," as meaning a spring attached to or fastened in the groove. The spring of the appellees is not attached to or fastened in the groove of the bail ear, but passes through it and extends to a point below the lower extremity of the ear, and is there fastened to the body of the pail itself. Consequently, and in accordance with his restrictive understanding of the scope of the claim, the learned judge held that the contrivanr.e of the appellees does not infriI).ge. In our opinion, it would be impossible to hold otherwise, without so expanding the claim as to render it invalid. Similar springs, not fastened to, but brought in contact with, similar lugs, by being passed through grooves there-: in, were old. This is shown by, at least, the patent (No. 163,598) granted to Robert B. Kepner, dated May 18, 1875. McDonnell merely substituted the existing bail ear lugs for the separate, but, for this purpose, substantially identical lugs which Kepner had employed. This substitution did not amount to invention, and therefore the utmost which, with any show of reason, McDonnell can be said to have originated-and even this, in view of the Bligh patent, No. 27,265, is not unquestionable-consisted in fastening the spring, not to the body of the pail, but to the lug itself, and this the appellees have not done. The decree is affirmed.
THE BEACONSFIELD. BEIN v. THE BEACONSFIELD.
(District Court, S. D. Alabama. No. 708. L BAJ,VAGE SERVICES.
April 8, 1893.)
Towing into the port or Mobile, a distance or 52 miles, & ship which had been partly dlsmasted, and had lost overboard a portion or her crew, but which at the time was in no danger, and was proceeding under partially rigged sails, lield to be a salvage service, though or inferior merit, beiq rendered in a smooth sea, without danger to the towing vesseL
S.
SAME-COMPENSATION.
$650 awarded to a steamer, delayed 28 hours on her regular trip, by tow· Ing into port, in a smooth sea and without danger, a partially dfsmssted vessel, in no danger when round, valued at $8,000.
This was a libel by Louis H. Hein, charterer of the Norwegian steamship Jarl, against the ship Beaconsfield, to recover compensation for alleged salvage services. Mr. Gregory, L. Smith, and H. T. Smith. for libelant. Pillans, Torrey & Hanaw, for claimants. TOl1LMIN, District Judge. This is an action to recover for salvage service alleged to have been rendered by the steamer Jarl. to the $ip Beaconsfield, on tbe 13th of October, 1894. The
THE BEACONSFIELD.
14·5
service consisted in towing the ship about 52 miles from off the bar of Mobile Bay into anchorage at Ft Morgan, inside the bay. The time occupied in the tow was some 9 or 10 hours, and involved no risk or extra labor on the part of the steamer. The weather was good and the sea smooth. The master of the steamer says that "the wind was northeast, but was not blowing too much, and the sea was from the northeast, but was not much." On the 6th and 7th of October the ship had encountered a storm in which it was partly dismasted, and also lost five of the orew overboard. At the time she was taken in tow by the steamer, she had on her in use the mizzenmast, upper and lower top foresail, and a foresail, but the foresail was not full size. From the point where she lost her rigging to the point where she was picked up by the steamer she had proceeded 342 miles. She was not in any immediate danger when taken in tow by the steamer. She had sufficient crew to handle her with such sails as she then had on her. She had aboard plenty of provisions and water to last several weeks, and her hull was in good condition, tight and stanch. She was at that time making but little headway, because of the adverse wind then blowing. There is some conflict in the evidence as to whether she was under command or could have been handled in the condition she was in. But a preponderance of the evidence shows that she could handle herself, and could have come into port without assistance, except with a considerable adverse wind blowing; and that, at the time she was taken in tow by the steamer, she was making some, but slow, headway. The evidence satisfies me that the danger to which she was exposed was very slight. She had been in peril during a hurricane, and had been partly dismasted, and had lost five of her crew, but she had passed through her peril, and had proceeded some 340 miles on her voyage towards the port of Mobile, whither she was destined, and when taken hold of by the steamer was within about 52 miles of that port. The value of the steamer was about $32,000. The value of the ship does not clearly or very satisfactorily appear from the evidence, but I should judge it was about '8,000. "It is the value of the property which is restored to the owners that is to be considered, and of which a proportion is to be awarded as salvage in salvage cases, and not the original value imperiled." Compagnie Commerciale de Transport ll. Vapeur Francaise v. CharenteSteamship Co., 9 C. C. A. 292, 60 Fed. 921. The steamer was engaged in the fruit·transporting trade between Mobile and Bocas Del Toro, and was proceeding on one of her regular trips from Mobile out when spoken by the ship and asked to give her a tow. She promptly responded, and, without danger or diffioulty, rendered the desired assistanoe. While the actual service rendered occupied only 9 or 10 hours, the actual time lost by the' steamer's deviation and subsequent delay was 28 hours. A deviation is a proper and important element to be considered in rendering a salvage award, and the nature ot the salTing vel··61P.no.1-10
B6
sel'B employment, the inconvenience, expense, and loss that arise from leaving a regular trip, are things, I think, to be noticed in determining the amount of her award. The Bay of Naples, 44 Fed. 90. The ship was not without the prospect of other efficient means of assistance. She was in or near the usual track of vessels going in and out of the ports of Mobile and Pensacola, and was within 10 to 20 miles of Mobile tugs seeking towage employment in and out of Mobile Bay. The oase is one of salvage service, but its circumstances are wholly devoid of those elements which go to make up a highly meritorious service in the salvors. The Carondelet, 36 Fed. 714; The Jarlen, 43 Fed. 176; The Emily B. Souder, 15 Blatchf. 185, Fed. Cas. No. 4,458. Sbc hundred and fifty dollars is, in my opinion, a sufficient salvage compensation to be awarded in this case. A decree will be entered accordingly.
THE S. OTERL UNITED STATES v. VALENSONA. SAME v. OTERI et aL (Circuit Court of Appeals, Fifth Circuit. December 11, 1894.) Nos. 259 and 260. 1. ·f3mpPlNG-OMISSION OF CARGO FROM MANIFEST-PENALTY. A propeller wheel "nd a case of ferrules were laden upon a steamship at New Orleans for export to Trux1llo, Honduras, but the ship instead of going to Truxlilo went into dry dock on the opposite side of the river, where the wheel and fenules were placed upon the vessel as part of her machinery, and motive power, and still remain there. The trip to Truxlilo was abandoned, and the vessel afterwards cleared for La Ceiba, no mention being made in her manifest of the propeller wheel and ferrules. Held, that this omission was proper, and the ship was not liable for the penalty of $500 prescribed by Rev. St. I 4197, for omitting the cargo from the maliifest. lI. CuSTOMS DUTIES - WITHDRAWAL FOR EXPORT AMOUNT RECOVERABLE. BREACH OF EXPORT BOND-
Rev. St. § 2979, reqUires an Importer, on Withdrawing goods for reo export, to give to the collector "satisfactory security". that the merchandise shall be landed outot the United States. The treasury depart· ment regulations (article 587) provide that, in cases of withdrawal for export, the &xPQrter shall give bond "with satisfactory security in a penal sum equal to double the amount, of the estimated duty on the goods." Held, that an export bond given In the sum of $1,000; wl,thout containing any reference to the 'amount of estimated duties ali the goods withdrawn, was valid; and that the government was entitled, upon breach of the condition, to recover .the whole amount ot the ,bond, and was not limited to II. judgmelit tor ,dOUble tile am<;>up.t otdutiea, as subsequently estimated. Speake..,. ··U. S., QCranch,- 28.· applied. . . t"> ·
I. ! ·
Appeal from the Dlstrict Court of the United Stateafor the Eastern Dism(}t ,of, ,Louisiana. i In;Error-.to the Distrlct Oourt of theUnitedStatea for the' Euttern District of Louisiana. '