THE UMBRIA.
489
THE UMBRIA. CUNARD STEAMSHIP CO., Limited, v. NORDDEUTSCHE INS. CO. et at SAME v. BRITISH & FOREIGN MARINE INS. CO., Limited. SAME v. SWITZERLAND MARINE INS. CO. SAME v. COATES. SAME v. ARNOLD et al. SAME v. DOLLARD. SAME v. LA HEMISPHERE INS. CO. (Circuit Court of Appeals, Second Circuit. L 2. COLLISION-DAMAGES-Loss OF CARGO.
October 25, 1892.)
Nos. 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51, 52. For a total loss of cargo, its value at the place of shipment, or its cost, including expenses, charges, insurance. and interest, shouId be allowed. If a cargo is recovered from a sunken vessel, the difference between the market value of the goods if uninjured and their value in their damaged condition should be allowed. That the owners obtained a rebate of duty on the goods because of their damaged condition is immaterial.
SAME-DAMAGE TO CARGO.
8.
ADMIRALTy-A.PPEAL-COSTS.
4.
SAME.
Libela.nts in such case are entitled to a decree against the owner of the vessel sunk, to the same extent as though they had appealed, but without costs of the appellate court.
Appeals from the District Court of the United States for the Eastern District of New York In Admiralty. Libels by the Norddeutsche Insurance Company and others, by the British & Foreign Marine Insurance Company, Limited, by the Switzerland Marine Insurance Company, by James S. Coates, and by Benjamin R. Arnold and others, against the steamship Umbria, the Cunard Steamship Company, Limited, claimant; also by Samuel H. Dollard and by La Hemisphere Insurance Company against said Cunard Steamship Company and another,-for damages to the cargo of the steamship Iberia, sunk by collision with the Umbria. Decrees for libelants. 40 Fed. 893. The Cunard Steamship Company appeals. Reversed. For report of the decision on appeal from the decree of the district court on the libel by the owner of the Iberia against the Umbria for the same collision, see 3 C. C. A. 534, 53 Fed. 288. Frank D. Sturges and Frederic R. Coudert, for appellant. Robert D. Benedict, Wilhelmus Mynderse, Clifford A. Hand, and John McDonald, for appellees. Before WALLACE, LACOMBE, and SHIPMAN, Circuit Judges. PER CURIAM. These are suits by the several libelants, some against the steamship Umbria and the owner of the steamship Iberia, and one against the owners of the two vessels, to recover damages to cargo on board the Iberia, which was lost or injured by the sinking of that vessel by a collision with the Umbria. By the
490
FEDERAL REPORTER,
vol. 59.
decrees of the district court the Iberia was adjudged not to be in fault for the collision, and the libel against her owner was dismissed, and l]rp.pr;a was adjp:dged to be solely in fault, and damages werfawarded againstp.er or her owner for the whole loss of the several libelants. The qwner of the Umbria appealed to this court. The assignments of error by the None of the .libelants appellant raIse the questions whether the Umbria was free from fault for the collision, whether the Iberia was in fault, and whether excessive 'recoveries were awarded to the respective libelants. of Cyprien Fabre against the Cunard Our decision in the Steamship Company, in which we held both vessels in fault for the collision, . control the .present causes; the evidence in each of them aerltothe circumstances of the collision being the same as in that case. The decrees must, therefore, be reversed, in order to charge the l)wner of the Iberia with his share of the damages. We ll.!lfe t4evarious exceptions to the report of the upon the question. of damages, which were overruled by the district court, and as to which error is assigned, and find no error in the decrees. In .some of the causes the cargo was a total loss, non.e :of it. having been recovered from the sunken vessE'1. In such the correct rule <If damages is to allow the value of the cargo at its place of shipment, or its cost, including expenses and charges and insurance and interest. See The Aleppo, 7 Ben. 120. The comniissioner correctly included among the expenses all the items which he allowed. In some of the causes cargo was recovered vessel, aJ:ld sold at the city of New York, after vafrom rious expenses were incurred in putting it into a proper condition for sale,' \ IJj1,such cases the correct rule of damages is to allow the between the market value ()f the goods if uninjured and the in their damaged condition. That rule was observed. It isent;\J(ely immaterial whether the owners obtained a rebate of because of their damaged condition, or whether they paid the whole or a part or none of the duty. This question was cO:Q.lJidered in the case of The Eroe, 17 BIatchf. 16. Inasmuch as the. several decrees must be reversed, and a decree in each case made in conformity with the principles announced in The Alabama and Game Cock, 92 U. S. 695, the appellant is entitled to recover the costs of th\sappeal. Although none of the libelants appealed, they are neverthel.ess entitled to a decree against the owner of the Iberia to the same extent as though they appealed, but without costs of this court.. The Galileo, 29 Fed. 538. The decrees are reversed, and the causes remanded to the district court, with instructions to decree in conformity with this opinion.
THE ALLER.
491
THE ALLER and THE AMERICA. SOULE v. THE ALLER and THE AMERICA. (District Court, S. D. New York. December 27, 1893.) BAD LOOKOUT- SIGNALS COLLISION-ANOHORAGE GROUND-RAISING ANCHOR IMMATERIAL.
The steamship A. collided in New York harbor with a bark lying on anchorage ground, and at the time engaged, with the aid of a tug, in getting up her anchor. At the time of collision the anchor had not left the ground. There was confusion as to the whistles given by the A.; she asserting that she gave several signals of one blast, indicating that she would go astern of the bark; the bark and tug both understanding the signals as of two blasts. Held, that the A. was solely in fault for the collision, having taken upon herself all risks in going unnecessarily on anchorage ground, and for not properly observing the maneuvers of the bark, and avoiding her, and that the tug was not in fault; her signals of two blasts not having influenced the actions of the A., and the tug not being under any obligation to try to drag the bark out of the way of the steamship.
In Admiralty. Libel by Enos C. Soule and others against the steamship Aller and the steam tug America for collision. Decree against the Aller, and dismissing the libel as to the America. Wing, Shoudy & Putnam, for libelants. Shipman, Larocque & Choate, for the Aller. Wilcox, Adams & Green, for the America. BROWN, District Judge. Between 9 and 10 o'clock in the morning of April 4, 1893, as the North German Lloyd steamship Aller was proceeding out to sea, she came in collision, when between Governor's and Bedloe's islands, with the libelant's bark, Enos Soule, causing damages, for which the above libel was filed. The tide was flood. The bark had previously been at anchor. The tug America, not long before the collision, had come on the bark's port side, to take her in tow. For the purpose of assisting in raising her anchor and getting her under way, the tug had turned the bark around through the southward and eastward, so as to head up stream; and she then ran up sufficiently to have the anchor chain perpendicular, so that it might the more easily be heaved aboard by the windlass. In winding the bark around, the anchor had been dragged somewhat to the southward and eastward. While heaving in the anchor, the bark was kept in position against the flood tide, by a little backing of the tug, so as to keep the bark steady over the anchor chain. At the time of collision, the anchor was still upon the ground, though broken out. The stem of the Aller struck the bark on the latter's starboard side, about three feet from the stem, upon an angle crossing towards the port side of the bark by about a couple of points. The bark was so damaged that she had to be beached at once. The testimony in the case is voluminous; in parts, very conflicting; and on ·some points the testimony of the same witnesses is not con· sistent. The main facts below stated, however, seem to me 80 well