PRICE
v.
PRICE.
823
near the edge. You must judge from the testimony and experience how many blows it takes to wear out a flatter, the Use of flatters generally, the number of injuries similar to the one under consideration occurring, and -determine whether what happened was an accident or not. If you cOlIle to the conclusion it was an accident, the plaintiff is remediless, and the 'COmpany not liable.
PRICE 17. PRICE
et al.
(Dtstrlct COt//I't, E. D. Virginia. J'uue,l8S0.)
1.
Thesssignee of B bankrupt cannot, eltha!' voluntarily or' by service of process, become a party to a suit In a ,state'col1l't against the bankrupt's lands. st!thOrity from as that oourt, under the bankruptcy act. has eXcluBivejurisdiotion over '&he entire estate. , , .\;be assignee is madesparty sucb sutbority't tbe bankrupt after litlgating tbe case dUring aye 'years tel a ftn81 decree in tlie '.te:te subl'etne court, have all injunction in the banki'uptoy, court· against t1;le Ult" outlo,n ahuah,decree. . ',' ,
O,J'
IN,l:)TA'l'B ·CoUItT.
, In .Bankruptey.· Bill ,by. Warqeld Price, , Price 'Others to enjoiJ;l, the of ,a decree in ,a ,state On/motion to dissQlve SipreliminllTy injunction., Granted. J. 4. Meredith and E. ,Barksdale, for plaintiff. , ", 1lambrough. & Ha'T/1jbrough and Guy « Gillici-rrt, for defendants.
HUGHES, J. In this case a lien creditor filed a, bill in a state cpurt in September, 1874, to subject, land of the bankrupt's estate b01,lndby 1rustJ.deed, and Joined the bankrupt. and his, assignee in bankruptcy, among others, as defendants. It was competent ror the creditor to do so, ifhe could 'secure tQe.assignee in bankruptcy as a. but the' assignee h.ad no ilegalautPority ,to become suchdefenda,nt unless by special order of the bankrbptcy court; that court having e:x.clusiv:e juris. diction over the bankrupt's estate, real as well as personal. See sixth clause of section 711, the eighteenth of section 563, and section 4972, Rev. S1. U. S. Unless express authority from the bankruptcy court were necessary to authorize an assignee to be sued in respect to the bankrupt's estate vested by law in him, the law of congress giving exclusive jurisdiction to the bankruptcy court over the bankrupt's estate would be futile, and that jurisdiction would be of no avail. The complainant in the suit in the state court had no right to call the assignee in bankruptcy into that court; nor could the assignee consent to be a party there, ex· cept by express order of this court, granting leave. The suit in the state court was therefore faulty in its inception. Nevertheless it went on to a final decree, and was taken up from that decree by l>etition for .appeal to the appellate court of highest resort in the state, and the peti.
824
FEDERAL· REPORTER,
vol. 48.
tioxi for appeal was l.manimouslydenied by all the judges. of that court. I do not >know whether the: defeetive inception oftha p.t:oceeding was .shown or ;relied upon by thl1 defense, either in the court. below or in the appellate. Murt. I suppose it was not. The record sootn..sto show that it was hot: The cause seems to have been determined iuthe state court on its merits, and the question of jurisdiction as to the assignee in bankruptcy seems not to have been raised. If the assignee had applied to this court for leave to make himself defendant in the state court it would have been granted unless strong cause had been shown against doing so; and, if the baukrupt had shown, as charged in this case, that the assignee was acting in collusionlVlth thecon'1plainant in the suit in the state court to defraud his estate,still the order would have been given, but the assignee complained of would have bren removed, and another assignee appointed., BU,t Jhe bankrupt (nor. any other person) did not order ,tge assignee from beapply, to this coart either. for ing Of frOIq becoming'party defendant to that suit, or for an order removing the colludiug aSsignee and The suit was to g9 on upon Hsmerits, without the fact being brought to the attention in fact made an order directing the removal to the western district of the bankruptcy proceeding in this cause. And now, nearly six years after the suit in the st;lte court was instituted, the files his bill here asking that the complainant and officers in the state court be' enjoined from the execution of the decree of the state court: The question is whether the ground indicated above, which was a good dne atthe"inception of the suit in the state court; if then promptfyavailed of, to stop the suit there, is of such a nature as now to jnstify this court in arresting proceedings under the decree of the state court. I think the objection was of such a nature as, if not availed of at the proper time, was cured by the acquiescence of the bankrupt. After aqtively participating in is. litigation for five years, until he had 1i;vaill1d himself of every expedient allowed by law in the state court. for the protection' of his interests, and finally lost his cause there, he will not be heard' here in arguing a technical objection to the proceeding there, which he has slept upon for five years. The injunction which has been granted by this court must be dissolved.
UNITED STATESV. LEE HOY.
825
UNITED STATES 11. LEE
HOY.
(District Court, D. Washington, N. D. December 15,1891.) CHINESE MERCHANTS-RE-ENTRY WITHOUT CERTIFICATE-DECISION OF COLLECTOR.
The presence of: a Chinese merchant, otherwise entitled to be in the United States, is not rendered unlawful by the fact that upon his return from a visit to Canada the collector permitted him to land, upon the certificates of private persons and his own personal knowledge, without thE) villM certificate required by section 6 of the amended exclusion act, (Act Congo July 5,1884;) since t)Jat section also provides that "the collector 'shall in person decide all questions in dispute with regard to the right of any Chinese passenger to enter the United States, and his decision shall be subject to review by the secretary of the treasury, and not otherwise."
At Law. Appeal by Lee Hoy from a conviction before a United States commissioner of being unlawfully in the United States. Reversed.
P. H.Wimron,U.S.Atty. WiUiam H. White, for defendant.
IlANFORD, J. The defendant in this case came to the United States from China in the year 1880, and has made his home in this country ever since. For eight years after his arrival he belonged to the laboring class, and was employed as a cook. With the capital accumulated by saving his wages he purchased a stock of merchandise, and for upwards of three years past he has been a merchant at Port Angeles, in this state. There is no question as to his identity, nor as to any of the facts above stated. The defendant is as well known in the community where he lives as any other- merchant there. He has frequently visited a relative at Victoria, but has never been out of the United States since his ,first arrival in 1880, except for the purpose of making said visits,. In going to Victoria and returning he always traveled by regular passenger steamboats, and always landed, on retul'lling, with the knowledge and consent orthe collector or an acting collector of customs ,!it Port Townsend, his identity and occupation as a merchant being proven by a ,certificate prominent citizens acquainted with him. On given him by the occasion of his last return from Victoria the acting collector of customs permitted him to, land, upon the evidence of such certificates in part, but chiefly upon his own personal recognition of the man, and knowledge ,as to his residence and business, and he was allowed to go to Port Angeles as usual,and was not molested for a period of some two weeks thereafter, when he was arrested upon a charge of being a Chinese . person not lawfully entitled to be or remain in the United States. Upon a hearing before a United States commissioner he was convicted, and a warrant for his deportation to China was issued. From the judgment ·of the commissioner he hils appealed to the judge of this district, under the provisions of the thirteenth section of the act approved September 13, 1888, (25 U. S. St. 479.) The 'only reason for supposing that this defendant is not lawfully in this or that he can be lawfully deported, is that, having been cut of the United States, he returned without a certificate properly issued